Criminal procedure looks at how different countries and governments establish the guilt or innocence of the accused. Students may study how procedure regulates the relationships between parties in trials. Studies may also examine restraints on government and law enforcement investigation of crime.

Due to the numerous countries within Oceania, work occasions and work permit laws differ greatly, with data on opportunities in some nations being limited. Australia and New Zealand are the most advanced countries in the area.

Students who spend the time necessary to complete a graduate certificate program have proof of knowledge that complements their academic degrees. These brief courses can be advantageous in securing favorable employment or advancing academic careers.