Communications management is a blend of business management, entrepreneurial focus and creative talent to project a positive image of a company and its products or services. Often, this involves a larger plan for its communications and can focus on brand management or corporate communications.

Officially known as the Italian Republic, the country is found in southern Europe. The official language is Italian and the cultural rich capital is Rome. Many of the world's oldest universities are located in Italy, in particular the University of Bologna (founded in 1088). There are three Superior Graduate Schools with "university status", three institutes with the status of Doctoral Colleges, which function at graduate and post-graduate level.

A certificate is a short scholastic program that helps provide students with the education and training they need to qualify for promotions at work or to supplement their existing academic records. These programs are usually completed in less than a year.